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What is a structural survey?

A structural survey is a detailed inspection by a chartered engineer or building surveyor examining the condition and adequacy of the structure — foundations, walls, floors, roof and any movement — and reporting on defects, cause and remedial work.

A lender's valuation is not a survey. It establishes the value of the security for the lender, involves a brief inspection and gives the buyer no meaningful protection against defects.

For an older house, a period property or any building showing cracking, dampness or alteration, a full structural survey by a suitably insured professional is the appropriate instruction.

A good survey should cover

  • Structure, movement and evidence of settlement
  • Roof, rainwater goods and weatherproofing
  • Dampness, timber decay and ventilation
  • Alterations and whether they appear supported
  • Recommendations, priorities and indicative costs

Sources

Last reviewed 28 August 2026. General information only — not legal or planning advice.

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