It can, but only where the fabric has been upgraded enough for the house to be heated at low flow temperatures. Without insulation and airtightness work, a heat pump will run at high flow temperatures, giving poor efficiency and high bills.
Heat pumps deliver their efficiency by producing large volumes of moderately warm water rather than small volumes of very hot water. That means emitters must be sized for a lower flow temperature, often meaning larger radiators or underfloor heating.
SEAI's heat pump grant requires a technical assessment demonstrating the heat loss indicator is within range, which is a useful discipline even if you are not claiming the grant.